Showing posts with label Radio. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Radio. Show all posts

Wednesday, August 8, 2012

Rangkaian Radio Remote Control Mobil Mainan

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Rangkaian Remote Control Mobil Mainan

In this system, radio signals emanated not continue to be raised but only when the controller sends the right / left or forward / backward, that is only a radio frequency that discontinuous,so that the credit delivery frequency radio waves.

The amount of credit that is sent to represent the command post, the forward was represented with 8 credits, left represented with 16 credits, 32 credits right and Backward 64 credits. Commands can be sent is a combination of 2 commands, namely the combination of forward / backward and right / left, as an example can be sent forward and the left, in this case the amount of credit that is sent 24, the Answer of the forward and the balance of 8 the left as many as 16 credits.


Making transformer TX and RX:
Transformer T1 in series transmitter and recipient, is the same, and must be made. Transformer was built using plastic koker transformer (spare part radio) so that the step appears to have 5 channels that can be filled with a wire coil, as shown in the picture. Wearing this koker facilitate scrolling wire transformer. If it can not be koker like that, just use the normal. Koker transformer is small and ferit is also small (3 mm) as the first assembly is often used for CB 27 MHz radio.

Transformer wire to wire to use in the unloading of koker, and slowly open the wire coil inside the existing wire koker because it is quite smooth and easy to drop out
  • coil wire from the foot of the number to 5 feet 4 hours direction (CW) of 3-and-roll at level 1 (line at the bottom line above)
  • Scroll through the wire from 1 foot to 2 feet clockwise roll of 4 on the exact level 2.
  • Continue to roll (from step 2) clockwise a quarter roll of 3 to 3 feet in three levels. (You can set exactly a quarter roll, because the path that has kokernya be split into 4).
Making coil L1
Scroll through the copper wire diameter size of 0.3 - 0.5 mm of 10 quarter roll koker in diameter about 4 mm (which will be released later) is also clockwis

Making coil L2
Scroll through the copper wire diameter of 0.1 mm sizes of 50 on the roll without koker plastic ferit diameter about 3.5 - 4 mm (search item from the plastic material used) is also clockwise. The length of the coil along liputi in 5 mm.

Monday, August 6, 2012

Rangkaian Penerima Radio Fm Sederhana

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Here is a FM radio circuit using IC7400. IC TDA7000 is a monolithic integrated circuit for mono FM portable radios, where a minimum on peripheral components is crucial. The IC TDA7000 has a Frequency-Locked-Loop system with an intermediate frequency of 70 kHz. The intermediate frequency selectivity is achieved by active RC filters. The only function which needs alignment is the resonant circuit for the oscillator, thus selecting the reception frequency. Spurious reception is avoided by means of a mute circuit, which also eliminates too noisy input signals. Special steps are taken to meet the radiation requirements

Penerima Radio FmSkema Rangkaian Penerima Radio Fm


• L1 and L2 wind 5 turns of 0.6 mm enameled Copper wire on a 4 mm dia plastic former.


IC TDA7000 Description

The TDA7000 is a monolithic integrated circuit for mono FM portable radios, where a minimum on peripheral components is important (small dimensions and low costs).
The IC has an FLL (Frequency-Locked-Loop) system with an intermediate frequency of 70 kHz. The i.f. selectivity is obtained by active RC filters. The only function which needs alignment is the resonant circuit for the oscillator, thus selecting the reception frequency. Spurious reception is avoided by means of a mute circuit, which also eliminates too noisy input signals. Special precautions are taken to meet the radiation requirements.

IC TDA7000Lay out IC TDA7000


Data IC TDA7000

Supply voltage range: 2,7 to 10 V
Supply current : 8 mA
R.F. input frequency range: 1,5 to 110 MHz
Sensitivity for -3 dB limiting
• (e.m.f. voltage)
• (source impedance: 75 Ohm mute disabled) EMF: 1,5 uV
Signal handling (e.m.f. voltage)
• (source impedance: 75 Ohm) EMF typ. 200 mV
A.F. output voltage at RL = 22 kOhm75 Mv

Supply voltage: max. 12 V
Oscillator voltage: 0,5 to VP0,5 V
Storage temperature 55 to 150 C
Operating ambient temperature 0 to 60 C.
.

Sunday, August 5, 2012

Rangkaian Mini FM Radio Transmitter

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This is an mini fm Radio transmitter circuit. The supply voltage is between 1.1 – 3 Volts with power consumption is 1.8 mA at 1.5 Volts. This circuit should be able to cover 30 meters of range max. at 1.5 Volts.

mini FM transmitterSkema rangkaian mini FM transmitter


Note:
* Use a battery for powering the circuit.It will reduce noise.
* An FM antenna from a old radio is a better option than the wire antenna.



PN2222A transistor description

This device is NPN General Purpose Amplifier for use as a medium power amplifier and switch requiring collector currents up to 500mA.

Absolute Maximum Ratings.
  • Collector-Emitter Voltage (VCEO ) : 40 V.
  • Collector-Base Voltage (VCBO) : 75 V.
  • Emitter-Base Voltage (VEBO) : 6.0 V.
  • Collector Current (IC) 1.0 : A.
  • Operating and Storage Junction Temperature Range (TSTG) :- 55 ~ 150 °C.
  • Collector-Emitter Breakdown Voltage : 40 V.
  • Collector-Base Breakdown Voltage : 75 V.
  • Emitter-Base Breakdown Voltage : 6.0 V.

Saturday, August 4, 2012

Antena Pemancar Radio FM

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The antenna serves to radiate signals and radio wave radiation. Antenna generally divided into two by the beam, ie

Omnidirectional (all directions). This antenna radiates radio waves strong kesegala same direction.

bidirectional (both directions). This antenna radiates radio waves as strong to just two directions. The two parameters that need to be considered on an antenna is the polarization and penguatannya. Simply put, an antenna has a vertical polarization if the antenna is placed in a position perpendicular to the earth. Antenna with vertical polarization will produce radio waves with vertical polarization, too. In addition to vertical, there are also berpolarisasi horizontal antenna, the antenna plays when the field parallel to the earth.


Antena Pemancar Radio FM
Gambar antena FM Omnidirectional



One important factor in the FM antenna system installation is the antenna height. In the VHF band, provided that communication can take place is a LOS (Line Of Sight). So ideally communications on VHF, the antenna receiver and transmitter both have seen each other. So in between there must be no objects that can absorb radio energy.

So that radio amateurs in the VHF band is often stated that a better antenna has a small gain but higher than the antenna mounted with a large gain but low installed.

Saturday, July 28, 2012

Rangkaian Boster Radio Penerima FM

type='html'>Boster Radio Penerima FM

Here is a simple circuit of an FM booster that can be used to listen to programmes from distant FM stations clearly. This amplifier will pull in all distant FM stations clearly. The circuit is configured as a common-emitter tuned RF pre-amplifier wired around VHF/UHF transistor Q1.

rangkaian boster radio penerima FM
Skema rangkaian boster radio penerima FM


2SC2570. (Only C2570 is annotated on the transistor body.) Assemble the circuit on a good-quality PCB (preferably, glass-epoxy). Adjust input/ output trimmers (VC1/VC2) for maximum gain.

All capacitors are ceramic and 50V is the standard but the 25V types work fine too. Trimmer capacitors Tr1 and Tr2 (22pF) are adjusted for maximum gain. Input coil L1 consists of 4 turns of 20SWG enamelled copper wire over a 5mm diameter former. It is tapped at the first turn from the ground lead side. Coil L2 is similar to L1, but has only three turns. Pin configuration is shown in the diagram.


Component List:
  • R1 = 27K
  • R2 = 270 ohm
  • R3 = 1K
  • Tr1,Tr2 = 22pF, trimmer cap (15-40pF)
  • C1,C2 = 5.6pF
  • C3 = 0.001uF (1nF), ceramic
  • C4,C5 = 10pF, ceramic
  • C6 = 0.1uF (100nF), ceramic
  • Q1 = 2SC2498, 2SC2570, 2N5179, SK9139, or NTE10. NPN VHF/UHF transistor
  • L1 = 4 turns of 20SWG magnet wire, 5mm diameter. (so-called 3T+1)
  • L2 = 3 turns of 20SWG magnet wire, 5mm diameter.