Rankaian Konverter 12volt - 5 volt Meggunakan Dioda Zener

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Skema Rangkaian Konverter 12 Volt ke 5 Volt

Converter is a series of functions to change the voltage 12 to be 5 Volt. the core of this series is the zener diode. due to a fall in voltage Zener diode 12 will be 5.7 volt. voltage in 5.7 volt electrical currents strengthened by taransiator Q1

To get a different output voltage you can change the zener diode as needed. for example, if you need a converter from 12 to 9 volt change zener Diode eat 5.7 to 10 volt

components List:

• R1 = 560 ohm
• C1 = 1000uF/40V
• C2 = 10uF/25V
• C3 = 330nF
• Z1 = 5,7V
• Q1 = ECG184, NTE184

Karakteristik Tegangan Dioda Zener

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Gambar dan simbol dioda zener

Zener diode is specially designed to operate in the reverse biased mode. It is acting as normal diode while forward biasing. It has a particular voltage known as break down voltage, at which the diode break downs while reverse biased. In the case of normal diodes the diode damages at the break down voltage. But zener diode is specially designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region.

The principle of zener diode is the zener breakdown. When a diode is heavily doped, it’s depletion region will be narrow. When a high reverse voltage is applied across the junction, there will be very strong electric field at the junction. And the electron hole pair generation takes place. Thus heavy current flows. This is known as Zener break down.

So a zener diode, in a forward biased condition acts as a normal diode. In reverse biased mode, after the break down of junction current through diode increases sharply. But the voltage across it remains constant

Gambar Karakteristik Tegangan Diode zener

Funsi dioda Zener

Zener function is to stabilize the voltage. At the time connected in parallel with a source voltage swings are installed so that the ration-back, a zener diode will act like a short circuit (short-circuit) voltage when the voltage reaches the diode damage. The result, the voltage will be limited to a number that has been known previously.

Aplikasi dioda zener

Menguji Dioda Menggunakan Multi Meter

type='html'> Menguji Dioda Menggunakan Multi Meter

In the diode consists of cathode and anode, and this is given one mark. Then the steps using a multimeter diode test is as follows:

1. Turn the switch on the Ohm, let R x 1K
2. Investigators Attach the red to the cathode (+) and black Investigators at the anode (-) diode
3. If the needle moves multimeter that is good, but if the needle does not move means diodes have been broken or damaged
4. Then a black investigator then attached to the cathode (+) and red pencolok attached to the anode (-). When the needle multimeter silent, means the diode is in good condition but if the move means that the diode has been leaked (damaged)

About Diode

A diode is the basic electronic component. It’s property is that it can conduct only in one direction. A diode can be made by joining a p type semiconductor and an n type semiconductor. At the junction point there will be a voltage drop due to the migration of carriers. The voltage at this barrier is known as barrier potential. Ideally the barrier potential is zero. But in practical case there will be a drop of 0.7 Volts.

When the P side of diode is connected to the positive of power supply and N region is connected to the negative of supply, the diode is said to be in forward biased condition. At this condition, if the applied voltage is greater than the barrier potential of the diode, it starts conduction. After the diode is arrived in the conduction mode, the drop across it remains at 0.7 V. After the conduction starts, if the voltage is increased further, current trough it increases linearly with voltage.

When the supply voltage is reversed the diode is said to be in reverse biased condition. Here there is no conduction at lower voltage values .If we increase the voltage value further ,it is observed that at a voltage the current sharply increases due to the breakdown of the P-N junction. This damages the device.

DIODA

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Komponen elektronik yang berfungsi sebagai alat untuk membatasi arah pergerakan arus listrik, dimana dioda hanya mengijinkan arus listrik untuk mengalir ke satu arah saja dan menghalangi aliran ke arah yang berlawanan.

Gambar fisik dioda

Pada dioda, kita mengenal istilah potensial barrier yaitu beda potensial pada persambungan. Beda potensial ini menjadi cukup besar untuk menghalangi proses penyebaran difusi selanjutnya dari elektron-elektron bebas. Pada suhu ruangan potensial barrier bekerja sekitar 0,7 Volt untuk Silikon dan 0,3 Volt untuk Germanium.

DIODA ZENER

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Phenomena tegangan breakdown dioda ini mengilhami pembuatan komponen elektronika lainnya yang dinamakan zener. Sebenarnya tidak ada perbedaan sruktur dasar dari zener, melainkan mirip dengan dioda. Tetapi dengan memberi jumlah doping yang lebih banyak pada sambungan P dan N, ternyata tegangan breakdown dioda bisa makin cepat tercapai. Jika pada dioda biasanya baru terjadi breakdown pada tegangan ratusan volt, pada zener bisa terjadi pada angka puluhan dan satuan volt. Di datasheet ada zener yang memiliki tegangan Vz sebesar 1.5 volt, 3.5 volt dan sebagainya.

Simbol Zener

Ini adalah karakteristik zener yang unik. Jika dioda bekerja pada bias maju maka zener biasanya berguna pada bias negatif (reverse bias).